After “Holmes” and I finish off dinner and part took upon smoking a cigar, my companion started briefing me on the slave trade and “Invasion of the African Country between about 100 and through out 1850 when this period began whatever happen there affect the rest of the world, and o9f course, the opposite is also true;
This take-over of Africa “Watson” begin in four main areas
1. In the North Africa by the “French” in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia (And afterward by the “British” in Egypt and the “Italians in Libya).
2. In the West Africa by the British and the “French” and in a smaller way by the Germans; while the “Portuguese were busy in Angola.
3. In the South Africa by the Boers Dutch settlers who first arrived at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 afterward by the British, and lastly by the “Germans in South West Africa.
4. And in the East Africa Invasion by the Omani Arabs of Southern Arabia, and then by the “British” and the “Portuguese”, with the Italians also taking most of “Somaliland.
“Meanwhile” King Leopold II of Belgium got control of the vast Inland country of the Congo Basin.
Yet by the end of this time frame the balance of power had moved right over onto the “European side of the scales.
The Armies and the Explorers of Europe could now do almost anything they liked in Africa, and go more or less where they please.
Backed by their Riches and increased understanding of science, the “European Kings and soldiers moved easily into control.
Thus doing so they began to treat Africans either as “Wild People” or “Helpless Children”
They burned and ruined and smashed, because these “Englishmen sailed into the “Caribbean and settled on some of its “Islands” then the “French” followed next the “Dutch”, and then the “Danes.
At the same time the “French” and “English” began to fight each other for the rich farm lands of the coast of what are now the United States and Canada
These American and Caribbean lands were excellent for growing two crops, “Sugar” and Tobacco” both crops were in demand through-out-Europe and in order to grow both “Watson” Millions of Plantation workers were needed.
And there Millions of worker-slaves- were found in Africa, there grew up what was called the “Great Circuit Trade.
Europeans brought cheap goods at home-cotton cloth and hardware to begin with- and sent these to “West Africa”, these goods were sold to “African Chiefs in exchange for African captives.
These captives were shipped across the “Atlantic and sold as “slaves”, then the same ship “Captains” brought sugar and tobacco and took these crops back to “Europe were they sold for a very high prices,
Then the route would be repeated from Europe, to Africa, to America and back again.
You see “Watson” it invariably proves to be capable of bearing some other interpretation but the whole of it the “European countries, mainly England and France made three separate profits in this
“Triangular Trade”; The Factory owner made a profit when they sold their cheap goods to the ship owners, the ship owners made a second profit when they sold their African captives for sugar and tobacco in Europe
Now all of this help to push on another great movement that was starting in “Western Europe, “The Industrial Revolution” money made in the “Slave Trade” played a large part in helping to Industrialize England.
In the year 1719 the Seaport of “Liverpool, England shipped 18,771 tons of goods, by 1792 that had risen to 260,322 tons;
And it was the great circuit trade built on the slave trade that had done the job.
By 1800 the products of the Industrial revolution were making these countries the richest and so the most powerful in the World.
Then England and France went to War with each other and England emerged more powerful that before; England became the greatest power of the 1800s.
After absorbing “Holmes” Communicate a very professional rapid deductions to the up most began of the problems which the African race had to fetter, I remain silent and listen further to “Holmes”
Unraveled the logical basis which were submitted to me the very horror of the situation which facts lies entirely upon each small points, which might seem trivial to another;
I rang for Mrs. Hudson to bring up some coffee and the “Morning Biscuit Cakes” while Sherlock Holmes, continue on with his “bitter task” of explaining England role in this slavery bludgeon problem, link it with the rest of the world;
I had no keener pleasure or place then following this walking bookworm in his “Professional Investigations,
Notwithstanding admiring the rapid deductions, as swift as intuitions, and yet always founded on a “Logical Basis” with which he unraveled the problems which were submitted to him, and to task the death of the American President, I could be in no better place then a grand front row single seat.
“Holmes” continue next to the efflorescence ‘timeline” of the Vigorous effectual intended slavery result in the American business and its dealing with the “Civil War” of the United States.
Sherlock Holmes busy himself with the details of
The American Civil War clear dictation was a fight to preserve the Union which was the United States of America. From the conception of the Constitution there were two differing opinions on the role of the federal government.
Federalists believed that the federal government and the executive needed to maintain their power in order to ensure the survival of the union. On the other hand, anti-federalists held that states should retain much of their sovereignty within the new nation. Basically they believed that each state should have the right to determine the laws within its own borders and should not be forced to follow the mandates of the federal government unless absolutely necessary.
As time passed the rights of the states would often collide with various actions the federal government was taking. Arguments arose over taxation, tariffs, internal improvements, the military, and of course slavery.
Increasingly, the Northern states squared off against the Southern states. One of the main reasons for this was that the economic interests of north and south were opposed to each other. The South was largely comprised of small and large plantations that grew crops such as cotton which were labor intensive.
The North, on the other hand, was more of a manufacturing center, using raw materials to create finished goods.
Slavery had been abolished in the north but continued in the south due to the need for inexpensive labor and the ingrained culture of the plantation era. As new states were added to the United States, compromises had to be reached concerning whether they would be admitted as slave or as free states.
The fear of both groups was for the other to gain an unequal amount of power. If more slave states existed, for example, then they would garner more power in the nation.
The Compromise of 1850 was created to help stave off open conflict between the two sides. Among the five parts of the Compromise were two rather controversial acts. First Kansas and Nebraska were given the ability to decide for themselves whether they wanted to be slave or free. While Nebraska was decidedly a free state from the start,Pro and anti-slavery forces traveled to Kansas to try and influence the decision. Open fighting broke out in the territory causing it to be known as
Bleeding Kansas. Its fate would not be decided until 1861 when it would enter the union as a free state. The second controversial act was the
Fugitive Slave Act which gave slave owners great latitude in traveling north to capture any escaped slaves. This act was hugely unpopular with both abolitionists and more moderate anti-slavery forces in the north.By 1860 the conflict between northern and southern interests had grown so strong that when
Abraham Lincoln was elected president South Carolina became the first state to break off from the Union and form its own country. Ten more states would follow with secession:Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee and North Carolina. On February 9, 1861, the Confederate States of America was formed with Jefferson Davis as its president.
Term
Sherlock Holmes gave me a detail description of
Abraham Lincoln being the
When Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860, seven slave states left the Union to form the Confederate States of America, and four more joined when hostilities began between the North and South. A bloody civil war then engulfed the nation as Lincoln vowed to preserve the Union, enforce the laws of the United States, and end the secession.
Now “Watson” these are the particular events
After the play was in progress, a figure with a drawn derringer pistol stepped into the presidential box, aimed, and fired.
The president slumped forward.
The assassin, John Wilkes Booth, dropped the pistol and waved a dagger. Rathbone lunged at him, and though slashed in the arm, forced the killer to the railing.
Booth leapt from the balcony and caught the spur of his left boot on a flag draped over the rail, and shattered a bone in his leg on landing.
Though injured, he rushed out the back door, and disappeared into the night on horseback.
A doctor in the audience immediately went upstairs to the box. The bullet had entered through Lincoln's left ear and lodged behind his right eye. He was paralyzed and barely breathing. He was carried across Tenth Street, to a boarding-house opposite the theater, but the doctors' best efforts failed. Nine hours later, at 7:22 AM on April 15th, Lincoln died.
Paine entered the mansion, claiming to have a delivery of medicine from the Secretary's doctor. Seward's son, Frederick, was brutally beaten while trying to keep Paine from his father's door. Paine slashed the Secretary's throat twice, then fought his way past Seward's son Augustus, an attending hospital corps veteran, and a State Department messenger.
Paine escaped into the night, believing his deed complete. However, a metal surgical collar saved Seward from certain death. The Secretary lived another seven years, during which he retained his seat with the Johnson administration, and purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867.
There were at least four conspirators in addition to Booth involved in the mayhem. Booth was shot and captured while hiding in a barn near Bowling Green, Virginia, and died later the same day, April 26, 1865. Four co-conspirators, Paine, George Atzerodt, David Herold, and Mary Surratt, were hanged at the gallows of the Old Penitentiary, on the site of present-day Fort McNair, on July 7, 1865
The American concluded upon “Watson” that Eight Lincoln conspirators were caught over the next few days and tried by a military court. They were found guilty on June 30 and given various sentences depending upon their involvement. Lewis Powell (Paine), David Herold, George Atzerodt and Mary Surratt were charged with conspiring with Booth along with various other crimes and
hanged on July 7, 1865.Dr. Samuel Mudd was charged with conspiring with Booth and sentenced to life in prison. Andrew Johnson eventually pardoned him early in 1869. Samuel Arnold and Michael O'Laughlen had conspired with Booth to kidnap President Lincoln and were found guilty and sentenced to life.
O'Laughlen died in prison but Arnold was pardoned by Johnson in 1869. Edman Spangler was found guilty of helping Booth escape from Ford's Theater. He was also pardoned by Johnson in 1869.
Doctor “Watson” I present to you the “Mastermind” into the death of Abraham Lincoln none other then the “Crooked Dead President”
Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875) whom became the 17th President of the United States (1865–1869). As Vice President of the United States in 1865, he succeeded Abraham Lincoln following the latter's assassination. Johnson then presided over the initial and contentious Reconstruction era of the United States following the American Civil War. Johnson's reconstruction policies failed to promote the rights of the Freedmen, and he came under vigorous political attack from Republicans, ending in his impeachment by the U.S. House of Representatives; he was acquitted by the U.S. Senate.Johnson,
born in poverty and of Scots-Irish descent, became a master tailor and was self-educated, married and had five children. He served as an alderman and as Mayor of Greeneville, Tennessee and then sat in both houses of the Tennessee legislature. He went on to spend five consecutive terms in the U.S. House of Representatives and two terms as Governor of Tennessee, all as a Democrat. His signature legislative endeavor in the state and federal arenas was passage of the
Homestead Act.
When Tennessee seceded from the Union in 1861, Johnson was a Democratic U.S. Senator from Tennessee and was dedicated to a limited government. Also a Unionist, but pro-slavery, he was the only Southern senator not to resign his seat during the Civil War, became the most prominent
War Democrat from the South and supported Lincoln's military policies.In 1862, Lincoln appointed Johnson military governor of occupied Tennessee, where he was effective in fighting and ending the rebellion;
he implemented Reconstruction policies in the state and transitioned for a time to a pro-emancipation policy.
Johnson was nominated as the
vice presidential candidate in 1864 on the National Union Party ticket. He and Lincoln were elected in 1864, inaugurated in early 1865 and a month later Johnson assumed the presidency upon Lincoln's assassination.As president, he implemented his own form of
Presidential Reconstruction – a series of proclamations directing the seceded states to hold conventions and elections to re-form their civil governments. These proclamations embodied Johnson's conciliatory policies towards the South, as well as his rush to reincorporate the former
Confederate states into the union without due regard for freedmen's rights; these positions and his vetoes of civil rights bills embroiled him in a bitter dispute with Radical Republicans who demanded harsher measures.The Radicals were infuriated with Johnson's lenient policies. The Radicals in the House of Representatives
impeached him in 1868 (a first for a U.S. president), charging him with violating the Tenure of Office Act, when he sought to remove his Secretary of War without Senate approval; nevertheless, his trial in the Senate ended in an acquittal by a single vote.As a
Jeffersonian and Jacksonian, Johnson refused to toe any party line throughout his political career – though he primarily ran as a Democrat, with the exception of his vice-presidency. While president he attempted to build a party of loyalists under the National Union label. His failure to make the National Union brand a genuine party made Johnson an independent during his presidency, though he was supported by Democrats and later rejoined the party briefly as a Democratic Senator from Tennessee in 1875 until his death that year.
Johnson's administration has received very poor
historical rankings amongst scholars, typically amongst the bottom threeOne of President Johnson's first acts as president was a veto of the Civil Rights Act in April, 1866. It was in April, too, that Johnson invited
Albert Pike to the White House, whereupon he was conferred the title of 32nd degree Scottish Rite freemason.
Just a few months prior to that, Pike was hiding in Canada, hunted by the U.S. Army for complicity in the Lincoln assassination. Johnson, however, soon pardoned him upon assuming office.
Designed to guarantee equal rights to Negroes, the Civil Rights Act of the Radical Republicans hoped to nullify the repressive Black Codes adopted to by Southern states to deny economic and political power to blacks.
In an act that would haunt Andrew Johnson during his impeachment trial; just seven hours before Lincoln's assassination, John Wilkes Booth left a note at Vice President Andrew Johnson's residence that read "Don't wish to disturb you. Are you at home? J. Wilkes Booth."
Shortly after his impeachment investigation began,
Albert Pike and Gen. Gordon Granger met with President Andrew Johnson for some three hours at the White House. Soon afterwards, when Granger was summoned before the Judiciary Committee, he was asked to disclose the substance of that conversation with the president. Granger testified:
"They [President Johnson and Pike] talked a great deal about Masonry. More about that than anything else.. And from what they talked about between them, I gathered that he [Pike] was the superior of the President in Masonry.
During the Civil War “Doctor Watson“, the Radical Republican leaders argued that slavery and the
Slave Power had to be permanently destroyed, and that all forms of Confederate nationalism had to be suppressed. Moderates said this could be easily accomplished as soon as Confederate armies surrendered and the Southern states repealed secession and accepted the 13th Amendment – most of which happened by December 1865.President Lincoln was the leader of the moderate Republicans and wanted to speed up Reconstruction and reunite the nation painlessly and quickly.
Lincoln formally began Reconstruction in late 1863 with his
Ten percent plan, which went into operation in several states but which Radical Republicans opposed. Lincoln vetoed the Radical plan, the Wade–Davis Bill of 1864, which was much more strict than the Ten-Percent Plan.
The opposing faction of Radical Republicans were skeptical of Southern intentions and demanded more stringent federal action. Congressman
Thaddeus Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner led the Radicals. Sumner argued that secession had destroyed statehood but the Constitution still extended its authority and its protection over individuals, as in existing U.S. territories. Thaddeus Stevens and his followers viewed secession as having left the states in a status like new territories.
The Republicans sought to prevent Southern politicians from "restoring the historic subordination of Negroes". Since slavery was abolished, the
three-fifths compromise no longer applied to counting the population of blacks.
After the 1870 census, the South would gain numerous additional representatives in Congress, based on the population of freedmen.
One Illinois Republican expressed a common fear that if the South were allowed to simply restore its previous established powers, that the "reward of treason will be an increased representation".
Upon
Lincoln's assassination in April 1865, Andrew Johnson of Tennessee, who had been elected with Lincoln in 1864 on the ticket of the National Union Party as the latter's vice president, became president. Johnson rejected the Radical program of harsh, lengthy Reconstruction and instead appointed his own governors and tried to finish reconstruction by the end of 1865.
Thaddeus Stevens vehemently opposed President Johnson's plans for an abrupt end to Reconstruction, insisting that Reconstruction must "revolutionize Southern institutions, habits, and manners… The foundations of their institutions… must be broken up and relaid, or all our blood and treasure have been spent in vain."By early 1866, full-scale political warfare existed between Johnson (now allied with the Democrats) and the Radical Republicans; he vetoed laws and issued orders that contradicted Congressional legislation.
Congress rejected Johnson's argument that he had the war power to decide what to do, since the war was over. Congress decided it had the primary authority to decide how Reconstruction should proceed, because the Constitution stated the United States had to guarantee each state a
republican form of government.
The Radicals insisted that meant Congress decided how Reconstruction should be achieved. The issues were multiple: who should decide, Congress or the president? How should republicanism operate in the South? What was the status of the Confederate states?
What was the citizenship status of men who had supported the Confederacy? What was the citizenship and suffrage status of freedmen?
The election of 1866 decisively changed the balance of power, giving the Republicans two-thirds majorities in both houses of Congress, and enough votes to overcome Johnson's vetoes.
They moved to impeach Johnson because of his constant attempts to thwart Radical Reconstruction measures, by using the
Tenure of Office Act.Johnson was acquitted by one vote, but he lost the influence to shape Reconstruction policy.
The Republican Congress established military districts in the South and used
Army personnel to administer the region until new governments loyal to the Union could be established.
While Congress temporarily suspended the ability to vote of approximately 10,000 to 15,000 white men who had been Confederate officials or senior officers, constitutional amendments gave full citizenship and suffrage to former slaves
Upon
Lincoln's assassination in April 1865, Andrew Johnson also founded; The first Ku Klux Klan which also was founded in 1865 Klan groups spread throughout the South as an insurgent movement during the
Reconstruction era in the United States.
As a secret
vigilante group, the Klan targeted freedmen and their allies; it sought to restore white supremacy by threats and violence, including murder, against black and white Republicans.And to fund the (KKK) Andrew Johnson also founded; poll tax notably a tax formerly
required for voting in parts of the United States that was often designed to disenfranchise poor people, including African Americans, Native Americans, and white people of non-English descent
To be continuing by Louis Charles Hamilton II
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