And for just honorably cause entitled (TRO) Temporary Restraining Order, injunction motion(s), and joining motion to freeze (6) “Six Trillion Dollars” of collective “Assets” of the described Defendant (The United States of America) herein being granted
The (Negro) Plaintiff Black African American and (All) (Negro) Plaintiff(s) Black African Americans herein before the “Honorable Justice as follows:
1.In American Holocaust (1992), David Stannard estimates that some 30 to 60 million Africans died being enslaved.
He claims a 50% mortality rate among new slaves while being gathered and stored in Africa, a10% mortality among the survivors while crossing the ocean, and another 50% mortality rate in the first "seasoning" phase of slave labor. Overall, he estimates a 75-80% mortality rate in transit.
2.
In Slavery A World History, Milton Meltzer estimates that 10 million slaves arrived in the Americas. This would be the residue after 12.5% of those shipped out from Africa died on the ocean, 4-5% died while waiting in harbor, and 33% died during the first year of seasoning.
3.In "The Atlantic Slave Trade and the Holocaust" (Is the Holocaust Unique, A. Greebaum, ed., 1996), Seymour Drescher estimates that 21M were enslaved, 1700-1850, of which 7M remained in slavery inside Africa. 4M died "as a direct result of enslavement". Of the 12M shipped to America, 15%, or 2M more, died in the Middle Passage and seasoning year.
4.Jan Rogozinski, A Brief History of the Caribbean (1994): "[A]s many as eight million Africans may have died in order to bring four million slaves to the Caribbean islands."
5.In The Slave Trade, Hugh Thomas estimates that 13M left African ports, and 11,328,000 arrived. Here are a few other numbers from Thomas:
- No year-by-year stats, but by piecing together scattered decade stats, I figure that 5M slaves were shipped in the 18th Century.
- Shipboard mortality among slaves:
- Mercado in 1569 estimated an average shipboard mortality of 20%
- Brazilian historians: 15-20% in 16th C; 10% in 19th C.
- English trade:
- 1680s: 24%
- early 18th C: 10%
- 1780s: 5.65%
- Hugh Thomas: 9% reasonable est. for 18th C.
- 19th C
- Cliffe: 35%
- House of Commons: 9.1%
- Thomson: 9%
- Hotham: 5%
6.
In the chapter on African population in the Atlas of World Population History (1978), Colin McEvedy estimates that 9.5 million African slaves were imported into the Americas
between 1500 and 1880. He also suggests a 15% mortality rate on the ocean.
Rummel estimates a total death toll of 17,267,000 African slaves (1451-1870)- Among slaves going to Orient: 2,400,000 dead
- Among slaves staying in Africa: 1,200,000 dead
- Among slaves going to New World: 13,667,000 dead
7.
(Negro) Plaintiff and Plaintiff(s) Black African Americans herein state before the “Honorable Justice” Looking at all the scholarship on the subject, it looks like, at the very least, 35% of those enslaved in Africa died before they were ever put to work in America.
On the other hand, at least 20% of them survived. Between these extreme possibilities (35-80%), the most likely mortality rate is 62%.
8.
In terms of absolute numbers, the lowest possible (and only barely possible at that) death toll we can put on the trans-Atlantic slave trade is 6 million. If the Honorable Justice assume the absolute worst, a death toll as high as 60 million is at the very edge of possibility;
9.
(Negro) Plaintiff and Plaintiff(s) Black African Americans state before the “Honorable Justice” If 5 million (Negro) slaves were shipped in the 18th Century to the Defendant
(The United States of America) (The busiest century then the 18th Century death toll of the (Negro)Plaintiff Black African American and Plaintiff(s) Black African American descendants could be around 8.1 million.
10.
Defendant (The United States of America) cannot escape accountability for the “Wrongful Civil War Time Deaths” of 28,000 Negros Plaintiff Black African American and Plaintiff(s) Black African American refugees herein,
Fighting to be free from Defendant (USA) herein, illegal Impose, “Slavery.”
11.
A rough approximation of 2000 people total (both black and white) were killed during the Klu Klux Klan's (KKK) coercive and murderous activities.
The research cited clearly indicates that the majority of these died at the hands of the Klan in its earliest years, from 1865 to 1875.
12.
According to the Tuskegee Institute, about 1500 of the 2000 total killed died in that time period. (Understandably, as the Klan could operate much more freely in the disorganization that prevailed in the South immediately after the Civil War, as compared to later decades.)
13.
The later renditions of the Klan (20th century) killed a much smaller number of people : a few hundred in the 1920's, a few dozen in the 1950's, and some single instances of murder into the 1970's and 1980's. As the number of murders imputed to the Klan dropped drastically, the likelihood that the perpetrators would be caught was also increased.
With modern law enforcement, and the increased number of black police and public officials, the Klan could not operate with impunity.
14.
* The total number of 3446 lynchings of (Negro) Plaintiff Black African Americans and (Negro) Plaintiff Black African American refugee descendants and 1247 of whites includes many groups in addition to the Klan.
15.
There is no doubt that the Klan was involved in the eviction or coerced relocation of many hundreds of thousands of (Negro) Plaintiff Black African American and (Negro) Plaintiff Black African American freed refugee descendants from the land, and homes,
And that the number of (Negro) Plaintiff Black African Americans and (Negro) Plaintiff Black African American refugee descendants herein injured by their violent acts was in the tens of thousands.
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